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Although we did not doubt, in a way,
the decision was very difficult to make.

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We were very disappointed because
we hoped that America and Great Britain

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they will try to stop the Russians.

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The road to the "Eagle's Nest" cabin
it was very long.

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We reached the famous steps
that you see in movies.

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My father went up to the cabin
together with Hitler

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and with the others, and I stayed down.

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King Charles was truly brave.

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After Hitler's two-hour monologue,
Carol lit a cigar.

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Hitler told him that although smoking
is forbidden, allows him to smoke.

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Carol noted in her diary:

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“How dare a corporal

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reproach a king for smoking?”

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He kept begging me to go and visit him.

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He sent me letters,
he was looking for me on the phone.

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To set things straight,
I sent him a letter

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in which I told him that the Romanians

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considers him guilty
the situation in which the country has reached,

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and that, out of respect for Romanians,
I can't meet him anymore.

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After my father left, my mother returned,

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for which I am grateful
to Antonescu.

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I don't know how I would have resisted
without her by my side.

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In addition to the other qualities
which he had

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she was also very faithful.

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She passed on the power to me
which I needed.

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We took the train and went to Berlin.

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I had lunch with Hitler.

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It was not a very pleasant thing.

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Hitler believed that King Mihai
he is an uneducated young man,

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because he didn't bother to open it
for his mother the car door.

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And then he said that Mihai
it's a small and sordid...

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frog

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I remember him reassuring me
that the US would not intervene in the war.

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He was very jealous of anyone.
He had to be in the lead all the time.

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That's why he called himself "The Leader",
i.e. the "Führer".

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Hitler needed oil
for war

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so he needed Romania.

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It is known that a third
from German oil resources

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they originated in the Second
World War, from Romania.

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One morning, my mother came
and told me we are at war.

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I asked her, "What, how?"

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He had heard it on BBC radio
that Romania declared war on Russia.

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I called him to reprimand him
that I was not informed.

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He answered me that
I would have found out from the papers anyway.

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When the crowd cheers
in front of the German embassy

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going to war against Russia,

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Killinger said
that this crowd actually

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waiting for the Germans to beat the Russians

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to then be, in turn,
beaten by the English.

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At the first meeting with Hitler,
Antonescu spoke for two hours.

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Then the translation took another two hours.

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Translator Paul Schmidt
it says it was the only time

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when Hitler sat and listened
a foreign leader for four hours.

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Between 270,000

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and 370,000 Jews died in the Holocaust

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because of Romania

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and its collaboration
with Nazi Germany.

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The rabbi kept me informed
what was happening

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I told my mother,

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and this decided
that we must try to do something.

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Time and time again, the Queen Mother

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brought up the subject
mistreatment and deportation of Jews.

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Because of this it seems that Hitler
would have suggested to Antonescu

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that he liquidate Regina Elena.

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She complained to the Romanian ambassador
in Berlin, Raoul Bossy,

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saying that he knew that the Germans
would have wanted to expel them from the country,

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asking him not to tell anyone about it,
because she will lose her head.

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So he was really afraid.

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The role of the Queen Mother
it was very important.

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According to the testimonies,

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her intervention was decisive
in changing the fate of the Jews.

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He managed to save
many Jews from Romania,

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while still managing to dispatch trains
with clothes and food

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those from Transnistria.

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being a soldier,

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Antonescu must have realized it
that everything is going wrong.

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Sometimes he went to see Hitler

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to complain
that we are not supported enough.

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But Hitler, being what he was,
don't listen to him.

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for him,

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the option of the country's exit from the war

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it was related to the word
which he had given to Hitler,

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which was above the interest of the country.

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He said he would stand by Hitler
until the end.

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We believe that Nazis and fascists
they asked for it

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and now they will get it.

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The planes of the first air raid,

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I don't know how they did it
but they were flying at the level of the trees.

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You could almost touch them,
so they were a very easy target.

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Many were shot down.

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They informed me by phone
about an air raid.

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I jumped in the car
and off we went to the oil fields.

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By the time I got there, the raid was over.

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Bombers shot down
they were full of red sand,

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typical of northern Africa.

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My father is not a coward.

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00:16:19,120 --> 00:16:22,760
Grandma used to tell me how she got there
when the bombs were still falling

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to bring aircraft debris
still hot.

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It's crazy, but when you're young
you are not afraid of death.

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I went to see the airmen.

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Some were in hospital,
others were detained by gendarmes.

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He was standing in a corner
and he still had the gun on him.

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I took it out of the case. It was the standard gun
of the army, Colt .45.

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I told him that if he didn't mind,
I will keep it as a memory.

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Passing over the coast of Greece,
of the Balkan mountains,

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and above the Danube,
the planes head for their target.

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It was a shock for the Romanians and
especially, for Antonescu,

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because until then

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cities had not been
the target of bombing campaigns.

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We met with the historical parties
from the opposition

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with those from the National Liberal Party
and Peasant National,

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and with other independent persons.

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I made a group

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in which we had discussions
throughout the year,

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the decision being
that we must get out of the war.

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They went to Cairo

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with the message that we want to get out of this
war that no longer represents us.

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The whole population wanted the same thing,
but he did not speak, being too dangerous.

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Hitler was getting information
that something is boiling in Bucharest.

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Bucharest was full of rumors.

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The big bluff was said to be brewing.

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The question was how to organize something
with the Germans around you.

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The Gestapo had an office
right across from the Royal Palace.

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Manfred von Killinger,
the German ambassador said:

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"I also know when a leaf falls
in Romania".

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In fact, he knew nothing.

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I started on the 20th or 21st of August,

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I summoned everyone,

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and I told them: "now is the time".

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Since Antonescu
had the army in hand,

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he was the best person for
to get us out of the war

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and call for a truce.

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We wondered what would happen
if he refuses.

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If he won't, then we'll get rid of him
and we will organize everything.

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We had to have a team ready,

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composed of civilians or military,
to take care of him

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in order not to happen
what had happened in Italy with Mussolini.

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I sent him a telegram
General Maitland Wilson,

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supreme commander
of the allies in Italy,

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requesting American aviation
for a massive bombardment,

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in August 26.

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When the phone rang, my doctor
picked up the receiver at the same time as the other.

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He listened

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and discovered that Antonescu
he will leave for the front on August 24.

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I panicked.
With Antonescu on the front, everything was lost.

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We were in a state of agitation.

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It was a very tense moment,
because I knew what was going to happen.

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The discussion lasted about an hour.

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I told him we were in a situation
who can no longer continue,

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we can't stand up to the Russians anymore,
we must get out of the war.

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He categorically refused.

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Then he told me that he gave it
Hitler's word of honor

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that he will stay with him.

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Because he kept refusing,

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General Sănătescu
he also tried to convince him.

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He didn't change his mind.

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Then I decided to say the password,

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something like: "I'm sorry,
but I have nothing more to do."

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Then the captain entered
and the three NCOs.

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Antonescu then looked around,

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I remember this
like it was yesterday

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he turned to Sănătescu and said:
"What does that mean?"

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After that they picked him up
and they took him out into the hall,

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where, being on the steps, he spat on them,

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and told them that tomorrow
they will all hang on the noose.

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Then Killinger appeared,
requesting an audience.

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He entered with murderous looks.

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He asked me what was going on here,
where is Antonescu?

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I had to make up a story
through interpreter,

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as if Antonescu would have found it
the situation of the country beyond his powers

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and would have resigned.

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I had someone at the Telephone Palace.

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He cut it
all German phone lines.

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Then they brought in the recording machines
on plates,

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that's how it was done back then.

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I recorded the speech

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which was then broadcast
on the radio at 10:00.

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In 15 - 30 minutes,

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The Palace Square was filled with people.

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They had heard the proclamation on the radio
and the whole town had come there.

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When Hitler found out what had happened
in Bucharest, he got very angry.

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The message read: “Crush the conspiracy
Romanian." Signed: Hitler.

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Hitler was so angry

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that he would have liked
to destroy the whole of Romania

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and destroy the Romanian nation.

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The courage is remarkable
which King Mihai showed,

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a very young man

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who took over
and went over to the Allies

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and didn't support anymore
Hitler's war machine.

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I witnessed many coups.

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For something like this
you must show enormous courage.

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The young king, this person
very beautiful and elegant,

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he made a very brave decision,

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to return the weapons
against the aggressor.

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King Mihai proved that he was capable

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to organize a coup d'état
truly extraordinary

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managing to impress one side
of German political commentators,

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00:30:06,200 --> 00:30:10,080
who noted that it is not
just a shot of a chamber,

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00:30:10,360 --> 00:30:16,960
but a very well organized action,
supported not only by the army,

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but also by the entire Romanian people.

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I can say that I was very lucky,
maybe with help from God.

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Although it was extremely dangerous,
still i made it.

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And they didn't expect that,

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00:30:33,200 --> 00:30:39,080
because, immediately after the blow,
the great Russian offensive was halted.

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00:30:43,800 --> 00:30:49,280
Pătrășcanu came to me, white in the face,

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and he said to me:
"What have you done? You destroyed us."

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Also during the war

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00:30:55,200 --> 00:30:57,400
the Poles
they tried to do the same.

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00:30:57,480 --> 00:31:02,240
When they started the armed insurrection
in Warsaw, the Russian offensive stopped,

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00:31:02,760 --> 00:31:05,400
the Germans slaughtered all the Poles

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00:31:05,720 --> 00:31:07,440
and only then
the Russians resumed their advance.

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00:31:08,360 --> 00:31:10,560
They planned to do the same to us.

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00:31:10,640 --> 00:31:13,080
That's why Patrășcanu said
that I made them miserable

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00:31:13,160 --> 00:31:15,280
because I ruined their plans.

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00:31:15,520 --> 00:31:18,800
But if we didn't return the weapons,

218
00:31:18,880 --> 00:31:23,400
the Russians would have treated us as enemies.

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00:31:23,800 --> 00:31:26,880
It would all be over.

220
00:31:27,640 --> 00:31:29,520
News of the return of arms

221
00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:34,000
it was very well received
by those it reached.

222
00:31:34,080 --> 00:31:38,840
We figured it out
that hundreds of thousands of lives can be saved

223
00:31:38,920 --> 00:31:43,280
thanks to the fact
that in the den of Hitlerism

224
00:31:43,360 --> 00:31:46,640
instead of an enemy, an ally appeared.

225
00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:07,200
It was out of the question
about no offense,

226
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the Russian army has not released anything,

227
00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:11,760
because we, in 48 hours,

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00:32:11,840 --> 00:32:16,960
we took 50 thousand German prisoners,
from generals to the last soldier.

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00:32:17,480 --> 00:32:21,280
When the Russians came, it was gone
no German foot in Bucharest.

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00:32:44,760 --> 00:32:49,160
If you look at the map of the front,

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00:32:50,240 --> 00:32:52,480
down from Greece
as far north as Poland

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00:32:52,920 --> 00:32:56,400
everything fell
as a result of our strike.

233
00:32:56,480 --> 00:32:59,440
The Germans had to
to retreat hastily from everywhere.

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00:32:59,520 --> 00:33:03,000
As a result of this,
the war was shortened.

235
00:33:14,520 --> 00:33:18,960
It is a remarkable action
at the level of history, with a major impact.

236
00:33:19,600 --> 00:33:25,000
Many lives were saved,
Romania's statehood was saved,

237
00:33:25,080 --> 00:33:32,000
and Berlin was conquered
two to three months earlier.

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00:34:00,600 --> 00:34:05,440
Nothing would have stopped him
at that time on Stalin

239
00:34:05,520 --> 00:34:12,360
to fall, once again, to the understanding with Hitler
and cease hostilities.

240
00:34:12,440 --> 00:34:15,200
We had to keep him in the war.

241
00:34:32,800 --> 00:34:36,680
You can say we made a pact,
that I accepted the situation,

242
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or as you want.

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00:34:40,120 --> 00:34:44,520
But our goal was
to defeat Nazi Germany.

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00:34:52,600 --> 00:34:55,200
for him,
Romania was the icing on the cake.

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00:35:11,240 --> 00:35:13,800
We were very disappointed

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00:35:13,880 --> 00:35:17,880
because we were hoping that the US and the UK

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they will do something to stop the russians.

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00:35:22,760 --> 00:35:24,480
He understood the political context,

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00:35:24,560 --> 00:35:28,160
but on the other hand
you can't ignore what you feel.

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00:35:28,240 --> 00:35:32,800
Our country was in hell,
people were suffering terribly.

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00:35:58,000 --> 00:36:03,640
It was sent by Molotov and Stalin,
to set everything up.

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00:36:04,080 --> 00:36:06,200
He did everything gradually.

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00:36:15,600 --> 00:36:20,320
I told him that
in accordance with the Yalta agreement,

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each country is free to choose its own path.

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00:36:23,280 --> 00:36:27,160
Then he got angry and said:
"Here I am Yalta."

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00:36:28,440 --> 00:36:31,800
When I told him it's not possible,
punched the table

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00:36:31,880 --> 00:36:33,480
started screaming

258
00:36:35,040 --> 00:36:39,280
he left and slammed the door behind him
when the wall cracked.

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00:36:56,440 --> 00:36:59,320
Stalin invited him to a Politburo meeting,

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00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:01,760
and at some point

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00:37:01,840 --> 00:37:07,280
asked his opinion.

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00:37:08,480 --> 00:37:11,600
Groza replied:
"How can I give you advice?

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I came to learn from you."

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00:37:14,440 --> 00:37:19,600
And Stalin said to the others:
"This is how one speaks to a great leader."

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00:37:24,440 --> 00:37:30,960
He used to tell lame jokes
in front of the ladies.

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He thought they were very funny,
but he was the only one laughing.

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00:38:18,760 --> 00:38:24,880
We considered it a kind of bribe,
with all these honors,

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to convince me
to be more cooperative with them.

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00:39:24,600 --> 00:39:30,880
People accuse me
that I did not commute his death sentence.

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00:39:30,960 --> 00:39:33,320
But I don't think the allies,

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USA, UK and Russia,
would have agreed not to be executed.

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Groza was delighted.
He said to me: "Go,

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not to be told
that we hold you prisoner."

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00:40:09,680 --> 00:40:12,680
In a plane, piloted by himself,

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King Mihai of Romania
he landed in London with his mother.

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He is the last remaining sovereign
in the troubled area of the Balkans.

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00:40:22,720 --> 00:40:28,360
We woke up suddenly
in a world without oppression,

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where you could "breathe" freedom.

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00:40:44,680 --> 00:40:50,120
I had met her at Claridges Hotel,
where we were staying, a few days ago.

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00:40:51,200 --> 00:40:54,960
From one to another
we got to like each other.

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00:40:56,320 --> 00:41:00,560
Then I went to a party,
at the Luxembourg Family,

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where, in a way, I asked for her hand in marriage.

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00:41:04,960 --> 00:41:09,120
He was afraid and refused me.

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00:41:11,320 --> 00:41:14,520
king george,
who had invited us to Buckingham Palace,

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00:41:14,600 --> 00:41:18,720
he wanted to know from me
what is happening in Romania.

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00:41:23,600 --> 00:41:28,800
He was the only one
which was really honest.

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00:41:29,280 --> 00:41:34,840
He told me very clearly that Britain
he can't do anything for us.

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00:41:39,800 --> 00:41:44,040
He just told me:
"I have always chosen the path of courage."

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00:41:44,720 --> 00:41:46,080
And he left.

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00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:52,200
I think Churchill meant:
"Be brave and return to your country,"

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00:41:53,240 --> 00:41:54,840
not in so many words

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00:41:54,920 --> 00:41:59,520
while others told him not to take any chances
his and his mother's life coming back.

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00:42:04,360 --> 00:42:08,000
Michael was the last king
behind the Iron Curtain.

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00:42:08,080 --> 00:42:11,640
And he wanted to last until the last moment.

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00:42:15,800 --> 00:42:22,280
Upon our departure, all the government
was present, all smiles.

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00:42:23,200 --> 00:42:28,040
On the way back, the atmosphere was icy.

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00:42:28,920 --> 00:42:31,960
They were ministers
who did not shake hands with the King.

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00:42:32,040 --> 00:42:37,160
Lucretiu Patrășcanu
he even turned his back on her.

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00:42:47,520 --> 00:42:53,280
Family thing, we thought
it would be related to my engagement.

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00:43:08,640 --> 00:43:14,560
Groza told me
that he has a thousand young men imprisoned,

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00:43:14,640 --> 00:43:17,720
and that if I do not sign,
will shoot many of them.

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00:43:20,240 --> 00:43:25,400
Very clear. And he showed me his pocket,
telling me to touch it.

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00:43:27,640 --> 00:43:29,840
He had a gun.

304
00:43:30,800 --> 00:43:35,240
He turned smiling to his mother,
telling him in German:

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00:43:36,440 --> 00:43:41,360
"This is so that I don't end up like Antonescu."

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00:43:52,880 --> 00:43:54,040
What would you have done?

307
00:43:54,120 --> 00:44:00,240
I couldn't risk those people's lives.

308
00:44:02,000 --> 00:44:03,280
So I signed.

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00:44:24,680 --> 00:44:27,880
See how vile they are
it was these people.

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00:44:28,120 --> 00:44:29,960
They arranged a line of officers.

311
00:44:31,480 --> 00:44:34,000
Everyone had their backs to me.

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00:44:36,080 --> 00:44:40,440
A captain from the end of the line

313
00:44:42,360 --> 00:44:46,320
he was trying to turn his head towards me.

314
00:44:47,320 --> 00:44:48,600
He was crying.

315
00:44:53,200 --> 00:44:56,200
On leaving he said in French:
The soul dances to the dead.

316
00:44:56,520 --> 00:44:59,960
This separation killed his soul.

317
00:45:00,600 --> 00:45:04,280
that was awful
to be cut off from his country.

318
00:45:23,440 --> 00:45:28,600
We were worried.
I didn't know if they wouldn't divert the train,

319
00:45:28,680 --> 00:45:31,520
so that instead of Switzerland we end up in Russia.

320
00:45:39,320 --> 00:45:45,760
I slept on the train. The next day I arrived
in an unknown place.

321
00:45:46,760 --> 00:45:50,400
The train stopped. We don't know where.

322
00:45:51,000 --> 00:45:53,440
The mother was already very agitated.

323
00:45:53,880 --> 00:45:57,720
nothing was heard
and the train started again.

324
00:45:59,720 --> 00:46:02,320
He moved a little more and stopped again.

325
00:46:03,400 --> 00:46:06,080
We were wondering what was going on.

326
00:46:07,880 --> 00:46:11,880
Then I heard a Jeep coming towards the wagon.

327
00:46:14,440 --> 00:46:16,160
The door opens...

328
00:46:19,320 --> 00:46:24,360
I think he was a lieutenant
or a uniformed captain america...

329
00:46:25,320 --> 00:46:27,560
he went up, looked at us...

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00:46:28,520 --> 00:46:30,840
and said to us: "Now you are free..."